Revisión Sistemática sobre Estrategias de Liderazgo Organizacional como Factor Determinante en la Comercialización Internacional del Arándano: A Systematic Review of Organizational Leadership Strategies as a Determining Factor in the International Marketing of Blueberries

Milagros Iberia Álvarez Cruz

doi:10.29394/Scientific.issn.2542-2987.2026.11.e1.1.16-27

Autores/as

Milagros Iberia Álvarez Cruz Universidad César Vallejo (UCV) https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3944-0463

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.29394/Scientific.issn.2542-2987.2026.11.e1.1.16-27

Palabras clave:

liderazgo, exportación, toma de decisiones, gestión, agroexportación

Resumen

El liderazgo organizacional es reconocido como un factor estratégico que determina la competitividad de las organizaciones agroexportadoras; sin embargo, su influencia específica en la comercialización internacional del arándano ha sido escasamente sistematizada en la literatura científica. Esta revisión sistemática de literatura tuvo como objetivo identificar y analizar las estrategias de liderazgo organizacional que actúan como factores determinantes en la comercialización internacional del arándano, con base en evidencia científica de fuentes académicas indexadas del período 2005-2025. Se empleó un método analítico-sintético e inductivo, con enfoque cualitativo y diseño documental-bibliográfico transversal, guiado por el protocolo PRISMA 2020; se seleccionaron diez estudios a partir de una búsqueda sistemática en SciELO, Scopus, Web of Science y Google Scholar. Los resultados revelan tres categorías temáticas: el liderazgo transformacional, asociado al desempeño organizacional y la innovación; el liderazgo estratégico, vinculado a la agilidad competitiva y el cumplimiento normativo exportador; y los factores contextuales del sector agroexportador latinoamericano, donde persisten brechas formativas e informalidad organizativa. Se concluye que el liderazgo actúa como competencia bisagra entre la gestión interna y las exigencias del comercio internacional, y se recomienda ampliar la investigación hacia diseños longitudinales y mixtos que capturen los mecanismos causales del fenómeno en organizaciones de distinto tamaño y nivel de formalización.

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Biografía del autor/a

Milagros Iberia Álvarez Cruz, Universidad César Vallejo (UCV)

Licenciada en Negocios Internacionales y Maestra en Gestión Pública por la Universidad César Vallejo (UCV), Perú. Ejerce como docente universitaria en la Escuela de Administración de Negocios Internacionales de la Universidad Tecnológica del Perú (UTP), donde combina la formación académica con una trayectoria profesional en el sector de exportaciones de productos agroindustriales.

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