Gestión Universitaria y Desempeño Institucional en Educación Superior: Una Revisión Sistemática
University Management and Institutional Performance in Higher Education: A Systematic Review
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29394/Scientific.issn.2542-2987.2026.11.e5.9.168-182Palabras clave:
gestión universitaria, desempeño institucional, revisión sistemática, gobernanza universitaria, calidad educativaResumen
El estudio examina la evidencia empírica sobre la relación entre la gestión universitaria y el desempeño institucional en la educación superior. El objetivo fue sintetizar las dimensiones de gestión asociadas con el desempeño de las universidades y caracterizar la evidencia disponible. La revisión sistemática, de método inductivo, enfoque cualitativo y diseño documental no experimental, siguió la guía PRISMA 2020. El corpus inicial de 19 registros, declarado como proveniente de Scopus, Web of Science y DOAJ, se contrastó con su fuente original en Crossref y en las páginas de los editores: 7 registros carecían de referencia verificable, 3 no pudieron verificarse en la página del editor y 1 pertenecía a una revista ya representada, por lo que se conservaron 8 y se incorporaron 4 estudios sustitutos que cumplen los mismos criterios, publicados entre 2022 y 2025 en español o inglés. Los 12 estudios incluidos, 10 cuantitativos, 1 cualitativo y 1 mixto, se sintetizaron de forma narrativa y temática, sin evaluación formal del riesgo de sesgo. Los hallazgos indican que la gestión del talento humano, la alineación estratégica, la calidad y el clima institucional se asocian con mejores resultados organizacionales, mientras que la autonomía institucional y el financiamiento público mostraron efectos menores, nulos o negativos. Se concluye que el desempeño institucional depende de la articulación de estas dimensiones y que la evidencia, basada sobre todo en cuestionarios aplicados al personal académico, no permite establecer relaciones causales.
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