Communication Skills in Basic Education Students in Peru

Habilidades Comunicativas en Estudiantes de Educación Básica del Perú

Abstract

Communicative skills constitute fundamental competencies for students' academic and civic development; however, in the Peruvian context, deficiencies are evident that limit their effective acquisition. The objective was to identify the communicative skills developed by basic education students in Peru through a systematic review of scientific literature. A quantitative approach with documentary analysis technique was employed, consulting indexed databases such as SciELO, Redalyc, Dialnet, Scopus, among others. After applying inclusion and exclusion criteria to 224 identified articles, 3 relevant studies specifically developed in the Peruvian context with primary and secondary students were selected. The results reveal that communicative skills are grouped into three categories: general communicative skills, oral and written expression, and linguistic skills. The findings evidence the persistence of traditional methodologies and the absence of active approaches as main obstacles for their development. It is concluded that there exists a critical gap between theoretical foundations and practical implementation, making necessary the transformation of pedagogical practices and the increase of empirical research in this specific field.