Analysis of Land Use Change in Guayaquil's Urban Expansion: Perspectives and Challenges

Análisis del Cambio de Uso de Suelo en la Expansión Urbana de Guayaquil: Perspectivas y Desafíos

Abstract

This study analyzes land use changes in the “Ciudad de Dios” sector, northwest of Guayaquil, Ecuador, over the last five decades. Through a multi-temporal analysis of satellite images (1969-2023) and review of regulations, the rapid transformation from rural to urban land was examined. The research adopted a mixed approach, combining quantitative methods (spatial and statistical analysis) and qualitative methods (expert interviews and policy analysis). Results reveal a dramatic urban expansion, with urbanized area increasing from 5% in 1969 to 70% in 2023, while forest cover reduced from 75% to 10%. Inconsistencies between local and national regulations on land classification were identified, as well as lack of inter-institutional coordination in urban planning. Informal settlements emerged as a key factor in expansion dynamics. The study underscores the urgent need for more coherent and effective land use policies that balance urban growth with environmental preservation. It concludes that the case of “Ciudad de Dios” illustrates the complex sustainability challenges faced by rapidly expanding Latin American cities, highlighting the importance of more adaptive and inclusive planning approaches.