Ethical Implications of Artificial Intelligence: Development, Impact and Challenges in Today's Society

Implicaciones Éticas de la Inteligencia Artificial: Desarrollo, Impacto y Desafíos en la Sociedad Actual

Abstract

This research analyzes the ethical implications of Artificial Intelligence (AI) in contemporary society based on four fundamental principles: beneficence, non-maleficence, autonomy, and justice. The study argues that technological development must be subordinated to human well-being, establishing a balance between innovation and ethical responsibility. As noted by Floridi and Cowls (2019); these principles, complemented by explicability and accountability, constitute a conceptual framework for evaluating the ethical impact of AI. According to Mitchell, et al. (2019); they propose standardized documentation through “Model Cards” to ensure transparency, while Barreto (2012); emphasizes the importance of rigorous metrics for evaluating social development. The research examines critical challenges such as privacy, automated decision-making, and algorithmic biases, demonstrating that these are not mere technical problems but manifestations of structural inequalities. As presented by Rendón-Macías, Villasís-Keever, and Miranda-Novales (2016); they provide systematic methodologies applicable to ethical evaluations, while Rojas (2014); offers perspectives for structuring equitable governance. The study concludes that AI's success lies not in its technical sophistication but in its ability to enrich human experience, expand freedoms, and strengthen social cohesion.