Transplant Activity at the International Level

La actividad trasplantológica a nivel Internacional

Abstract

Organ donation and transplantation is a crucial therapeutic achievement that saves and transforms lives. This study analyzed transplant activity at the international level through a qualitative and descriptive systematic review of 20 recent investigations. Results revealed a global shortage of organs for transplantation due to the imbalance between supply and demand, constituting a public health problem. Obstacles were identified such as limited political and institutional commitment, insufficient funding, incomplete human resources, and inadequate infrastructures. Additionally, deficiencies in legal and ethical frameworks, limited supervision, and cultural resistance to donation were observed. Donation rates vary significantly among countries, with Spain leading globally. It is concluded that optimizing access to transplants requires effectively managing economic, social, governmental, and institutional factors. It is essential to overcome barriers such as poor supervision, consolidate national programs, improve infrastructures, train personnel, and develop professional competencies. It is recommended to implement strategies that facilitate donation, meet the needs of recipients, protect donors, and ensure the dignity of all participants in the process.